Estrogen is one of the key sex hormones that are essential for sexual and reproductive development. Estrogen is present in both men and women, but it is primarily known as the "female" hormone since it is more predominant in biological females.
What are the roles of estrogen?
Estrogen has many crucial functions in the female body. Here are some of the main roles:
- It is responsible for the development of the female reproductive system and secondary sex characteristics during puberty. Estrogen facilitates breast growth, widens the pelvis, causes menstrual cycles, and more.
- It regulates the menstrual cycle. Fluctuating estrogen levels during the cycle causes ovulation, thickening of the uterus lining, and menstrual bleeding if no fertilization occurs.
- Estrogen facilitates pregnancy and embryogenesis. It helps thicken the lining of the uterus to host the embryo, maintains pregnancy, and promotes fetal development.
- It maintains bone strength and density, thereby protecting bone health. Drop in estrogen after menopause leads to accelerated bone loss.
- Estrogen has several impacts on other tissues like skin, hair, brain, liver, heart, and more. From maintaining collagen in the skin to promising neuroprotective benefits for the brain, estrogen has widespread influences.
Now coming to the most frequent question -
What causes spikes or drops in estrogen levels?
Several factors can lead to high or low estrogen levels. Some key triggers are:
- Menstrual cycle - Estrogen keeps changing through the menstrual phases. It peaks just before ovulation.
- Pregnancy and post-pregnancy - Estrogen levels shoot up during pregnancy and steeply drop after delivery.
- Menopause - Woman's body produces less and less estrogen as she approaches menopause until periods finally stop.
- Certain medical conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or ovarian tumors can also impact estrogen.
- Factors like significant weight loss/gain, stress, hormonal birth control use, glandular problems, etc. may also influence estrogen levels.
If you suspect any abnormal spike or drop in estrogen due to symptoms like hot flashes, irregular periods, reduced fertility, low sex-drive, etc., do not hesitate to check in with your doctor. Getting timely medical guidance is crucial.
At Vitality Renewal Clinic, our endocrinologists specialize in comprehensive hormone testing and personalized treatment plans for hormonal conditions in both men and women. Book an appointment for a thorough evaluation of your symptoms and estrogen status. Feel free to reach us in case any query regarding estrogen regulation or hormone health.